International Scientific-Practical Conference "Economic growth in the conditions of globalization" = Conferinţa Internaţională Ştiinţifico-Practică „Creşterea economică în condiţiile globalizării”
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Item Importul de fructe și nuci al Republicii Moldova(INCE, 2022) Scerbacov, ElenaThe aim of the paper is to analyze the import of edible fruits and nuts; citrus or melon peels. From methodological point of view, the following methods are used: analysis, synthesis and comparison. The recent works in the field, as well as the statistical data of the NBS, served as an information base. The results show that the production of peaches obtained shows an increase in 2020 compared to 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 years, the reason being the increase of the yield of fruit per hectare during this period, and compared to 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019 years the size of this indicator decreased, the reason being the reduction of the yield per hectare due to the unfavorable weather conditions in 2020. A positive trend is registered at the production of berry during the analyzed period, increasing in 2020 compared to 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015 years, the reason being the increase of the area and the yield per hectare during this period, and compared to 2016, 2017 and 2018 years it increased due to the rise of the area. The production of walnuts increased in 2020 compared to 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016 years, the reason being the increase of the area, and compared to years 2017, 2018 and 2019 years the trend of decreasing, the reason being the reduction of the yield per hectare of walnuts due to the severe climatic conditions during the 2020 year. The import of edible fruits and nuts; citrus or melon peels recorded an increasing trend in 2020 compared to 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019.Item Importul de preparate din legume, fructe și nuci al Republicii Moldova(INCE, 2022) Scerbacov, ElenaThe paper aims to analyze the import of preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts or other parts of plants. The methods used in this paper is: analysis, synthesis and comparison, and the information base was the recent works in the field, as well as the statistical data of the NBS. The results show that the area of plums shows a decreasing trend in 2020 compared to years 2011, 2012, 2013, 2017, 2018 and 2019 years. It also decreased the area of peaches in 2020 compared to 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019 years. The production of seeds orchards shows an increase in 2020 compared to 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016 years, the reason being the increase of the yield per hectare during this period, and compared to 2017, 2018 and 2019 years it decreased, the reason being the reduction of the area and the yield per hectare influenced by the unfavorable climatic conditions. The production of apples increased in 2020 compared to 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016 years, the reason being the increase of the yield of fruit per hectare, and compared to 2017, 2018 and 2019 years it decreased, the reason being the reduction of both the area, as well as the yield per hectare of apples. As a result, the apples were of a small caliber and inferior quality. So the import of preparations of vegetables, fruits, nuts or other parts of plants in increased in 2020 compared to 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018, and compared to 2019 it decreased insignificantly.Item Importul de carne și organe comestibile al Republicii Moldova(INCE, 2023) Litvin, Aurelia; Scerbacov, ElenaThe livestock of pigs has decreased significantly in farms specialized in raising pigs in the country, the cause being the coronavirus pandemic. Demand also fell for all pork products requested by both restaurants and picnics. Another cause that caused the reduction of the cattle herd was the increase in the price of fodder, as well as energy resources. Domestic meat production does not provide what is needed for processing factories. As a result, pork is imported because supplies are constant, the price is lower than for domestic production, and the quality is good. The Covid-19 pandemic caused an increase in meat processing expenses, as it was necessary to divide the workforce into shifts. The increase in expenses was also caused by the fact that hygiene products and special equipment were purchased for employees, but also for the repeated testing of employees. Imported meat is mostly frozen. This is stored for a long period of time to later be sold at high prices when there is a shortage of raw material on the domestic market. In 2021, compared to 2011, beef was imported more than 4 times, beef – 2,5 times, and poultry - 2 times. The Republic of Moldova imports meat from such countries as: Ukraine, Germany, Russia, Poland, Romania, Hungary. Unfortunately, domestic beef is exported, and Moldovans consume imported meat. Moldovans prefer to eat pork.