Современная экономическая политика Республики Беларусь

Abstract

Economic policy, as an instrument of state regulation of the economy, developed and implemented in complex, fast-changing and poorly predictable conditions. Currently, the focus on the scientific substantiation of the imperatives of economic policy of Belarus and the revision of its key provisions is especially important, given the critical state of the world economy and national economies of major trading partners, development of regional integration processes and difficult situation in Europe. The purpose of the work is to disclose the features of the process of formation and implementation of state policy of Belarus, determining the imperatives of development and economic policies in accordance with the requirements of socio-economic development of the country. The methodological basis of the study is a systematic approach, pre-empting the study of economic phenomena in their interrelationship and interdependence. In the work the following scientific methods are applied; methods of historical and logical, comparative analysis, as well as scientific abstraction, induction and deduction categories, comparison. The study gives the scientific assessment of the current economic situation, formulates the goal of economic policy of the country in the short and medium term, and proposes the basic directions of the structural reform of the economy of Belarus.

В настоящее время Республика Беларусь характеризуется значительной открытостью национальной экономики, высокой внешнеторговой квотой (108% в 2014 году), глубоким участием в региональных интеграционных процессах и международном разделении труда (коэффициент МРТ равен 2,1 в 2014 году). Ведущие отрасли народного хозяйства обладают богатой внутренней структурой и экспортной ориентацией, поддерживаемые высокоразвитым человеческим капиталом. Одновременно на экономическом развитии Беларуси продолжают сказываться сложности переходного периода развития и процесса реформирования, отягощаемые неблагоприятными внешними факторами.