Implicațiile schimbărilor climatice asupra dezvoltării fitotehniei în Republica Moldova

Abstract

The agricultural sector is particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change due to its direct dependence on temperature and precipitation. In the Republic of Moldova in recent years, agriculture, especially crop production, has been affected by climate change, especially droughts (once every 3-10 years). According to the State Hydrometeorological Service, the 2007 drought was one of the most severe in the country's history, affecting more than 80 percent of the area, with losses of more than $1 billion. And the drought of 2020 caused a 27.1 percent drop in global agricultural output and the loss of about 20 percent of jobs. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current state of crop production in the Republic of Moldova under the impact of climate change. The research is based on the analysis of data provided by the National Bureau of Statistics and the State Hydrometeorological Service. The analyzed data include indicators such as the volume of global agricultural output, the harvest and productivity of some main agricultural crops, and the analysis of the influence of temperature, precipitation on these indicators. It is important to continue monitoring and adapting to climate change in the agricultural sector by implementing sustainable agricultural practices, developing climate-resistant varieties and using advanced technologies. This can ensure greater resilience and productivity to climate threats in the development of Moldova's agricultural sector.